“Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Herbal Gel Incorporated with Ficus Racemosa Bark Extract for Anti-Inflammatory Activity”

Abstract

The ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa bark was investigated for its potential anti-inflammatory activity. Preformulation studies confirmed the presence of important phytoconstituents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, which are known to inhibit inflammatory mediators and contribute to therapeutic activity.

A topical gel was formulated using the ethanolic bark extract as the active ingredient and Carbopol 934 as the gelling agent. Other excipients included propylene glycol (penetration enhancer), polyethylene glycol 200 (solvent and humectant), methyl paraben (preservative), and distilled water. Triethanolamine was added dropwise to neutralize the formulation and maintain a skin-friendly pH. The formulation process ensured uniform dispersion of the extract, resulting in a smooth and stable gel.

The prepared gel was evaluated for physical appearance, pH, viscosity, and spreadability. It exhibited a smooth texture, good consistency, attractive appearance, and no phase separation. The pH was within the acceptable range for topical application, indicating minimal risk of skin irritation. Spread ability studies showed that the gel could be easily applied over the skin surface. Viscosity measurements confirmed suitable rheological properties, ensuring ease of application and adequate retention at the site of action. By performing in-vitro anti-inflammatory studies the extract containing gel showed notable anti-inflammatory activity when compared with the standard drug.

Overall, the study demonstrated that Ficus racemosa bark extract can be successfully incorporated into a topical gel formulation, offering a promising herbal alternative for the management of inflammatory conditions through localized action while meeting the growing demand for natural therapeutic products.