Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne and Anti-Aging Cream Using Banana Peel and Marigold Flower

Abstract

The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal cream possessing both anti-acne and anti-aging properties using natural ingredients derived from banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) and marigold flower (Tagetes erecta). Banana peel is rich in antioxidants such as phenolic compounds, vitamins A, C, and E, and minerals that help reduce oxidative stress, promote collagen synthesis, and enhance skin elasticity. Marigold flower extracts are known for their potent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing activities, which help alleviate acne and promote skin regeneration. The extracts of banana peel and marigold flower were obtained using ethanol as the solvent through maceration. Different formulations of oil-in-water type creams were prepared using varying concentrations of the herbal extracts along with suitable excipients such as stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, glycerin, and preservatives. The formulations were evaluated for physicochemical parameters including pH, spreadability, viscosity, stability, and homogeneity. Additionally, in vitro studies were conducted to assess antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay. Among the prepared formulations, the optimized cream (F3) exhibited desirable pH (5.5–6.0), excellent spreadability, and high stability under accelerated conditions. It also demonstrated significant antibacterial activity and strong free radical scavenging capacity compared to the control formulation. The results indicate that the combination of banana peel and marigold flower extracts can serve as an effective natural alternative for developing multifunctional herbal skincare products with both anti-acne and anti-aging benefits.