Formulation and evaluation of liposomes specific delivery of herbal medicine

Abstract

Worldwide, more than 80,000 plant species are utilized in herbal therapy. The vesicular structure of liposomes is formed of one or more bilayers enclosing an equal number of water-filled compartments. Made from cholesterol and naturally occurring, harmless phospholipids, liposomes are tiny synthetic vesicles with a spherical form.  To boost its oral bioavailability, a formulation of P. amarus lipid-derived carrier system (liposomes) with strong wound-healing properties needed to be developed. P. amarus leaves were successively extracted using Soxhlet method, producing 3.26±0.24% hexane extract, 6.48±0.65% ethyl acetate extract, and 12.57±1.28% methanol extract. P. amarus leaves included carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and saponins, as shown by the methanolic extract. Phyllanthus amarus was found to be 1.28 ± 0.02 mg/mL soluble in distilled water, but at 250C, it was found to be 15.36 ± 0.31 mg/mL soluble in methanol, with polyethylene glycols having a higher solubility. Phyllanthus amarus has a maximum absorption (max) at 329 nm. In FTIR study, suggested that Phyllanthus amarus and the other excipients in the formulations did not interact chemically. After analysis, it was discovered that the liposome formulations' total drug content ranged from 76.38±0.95 to 86.32±0.51%. It was discovered that the cumulative % drug release for formulations PAL1, PAL2, and PAL3 was 102.43±1.28 in 20 hours, 92.46±1.68 in 22 hours, and 72.43±1.06 in 24 hours, respectively. Based on the conducted experiment, it was determined that cholesterol, soy lecithin, and stabilizers such as stearylamine and diethyl phosphate were appropriate carriers for the Phyllanthus amarus liposome synthesis.